Journal of Law and Social Sciences - University of Turbat

"Statelessness and Citizenship: Examining the Consequences and Legal Implications of the Denial of Citizenship to the Rohingya People in Myanmar”

Sayedul Husan — 2024-10-26

The Rohingya people, a Muslim minority group in Myanmar, have been denied citizenship and subjected to discrimination for the last few decades by their government. This denial of citizenship renders them stateless, leaving them vulnerable to human rights abuses. The Rohingya have faced mass killings, torture, rape, and forced displacement, culminating in the horrific 2017 Rohingya crisis that exposed the gravity of their difficulty to the world. The 1982 Citizenship Law stands as a cornerstone of this injustice, effectively stripping the Rohingya of Burmese citizenship and erasing their legal presence in their historical homeland. This research examines the consequences of statelessness on the Rohingya population, considering issues such as restricted access to education, healthcare, and employment opportunities. Moreover, by scrutinising international laws, conventions, and human rights frameworks, the research evaluates the compatibility of Myanmar's legal framework with international standards, its impact on their fundamental rights, and the available legal remedies to address this grave injustice. In conclusion, the research calls for a reevaluation of legal and policy frameworks to address the denial of citizenship to the Rohingya, emphasising the importance of international cooperation and collective action to safeguard the rights of stateless populations, and it will draw upon a range of empirical evidence from governmental and non-governmental reports to provide a comprehensive analysis. Ultimately, this research aims to contribute to a future where the Rohingya are no longer denied the fundamental right to citizenship and can live with dignity and security.

ARTICLE AN INTEGRATED ADR INSTITUTION AS A BETTER TOOL TO SECURE SOCIO-ECONOMIC JUSTICE IN FINANCIAL INCLUSION CLAIMS IN NIGERIA?

KUDIRAT MAGAJI- WOPA OWOLABI — 2024-10-26

Financial inclusion (FI) and transparent democratic practice in the financial services sector are critical elements that make growth inclusive and sustained. This is so because FI is an independent variable that plays a significant role in enhancing socio-justice. Ordinarily, every adult population in any nation/ country should be financially included to access a range of formal financial services at affordable costs. However, a larger population around the globe (including Nigeria) are deprived of partaking in the FI process. Hence, a detectable financial exclusion can be bothersome particularly, for nations whose economies' structural arrangement and social and economic disposition have created an economic variation. The role of integrated Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR) institutions in enhancing socio-justice in the financial service sector rarely gets noticed. The paper shall examine and analyse the impacts of strengthening integrated ADR institutions to improve socio-economic justice in Nigeria. This is necessary to enhance amicable resolution strategies for Nigeria's FI claims/disputes. It, therefore, emphasises the importance of implementing ADR principles and procedures in FI claims to enhance socio-justice. It is expected that FI claims should be resolved faster, cheaper, and, fairer. Hence, this paper shall advocate for integrated ADR institutions that are capable of strengthening the financial services sector which is increasingly complex from a legal perspective.

Uneven Path in Karachi: Infrastructure Barriers and Vision Impairment

Munazza Madani — 2024-10-26

Abstract: Vision impairment has a major influence on daily life. The physical infrastructural limitations and lack of accessibility significantly impact the daily lives of persons with vision impairment (VI) . Therefore, this basic, qualitative, case study, urban sociological research was conducted to explain uneven path due to infrastructure barriers and vision impairment. The researchers considered Social-Ecological Systems (SES) theory as framework to gain a comprehensive understanding of how the interplay between social and ecological factors contributes to some unequal opportunities e.g. social, economic, educational opportunities etc. for persons with vision impairment (VI) in Karachi, Pakistan. Researchers used the purposive sampling method. Data was collected by conducting semi-structured in-depth interviews with a sample size of 8 persons with vision impairment(VI) in Urdu and then transcribed in English, analyzed, organized, and properly stored. The data was analyzed using a thematic analysis method. This study reveals the impacts of current physical infrastructure, Inaccessibility and cycle of exclusion for persons with vision impairment (VI). This study also reveals some positive initiatives and examples of accessible infrastructure in Karachi, Pakistan. It is concluded that, there is a need of solving Infrastructure barriers and vision impairment both to create an even path in Karachi, Pakistan.

Impact of Financial Literacy on Investment Decisions Making: The Mediating Effect of Risk Tolerance

Sameer Miyya — 2024-10-26

This study examines how financial literacy affects investment decision-making, with an emphasis on how risk tolerance functions as a mediating factor among those who work in Gwadar, Pakistan's private sector. Data were gathered from respondents, aged 24 to 44, with a minimum educational background of the 12th standard, using a cross-sectional survey approach. The analysis shows that risk tolerance acts as a mediator in the association between financial literacy and investment decisions, which is strongly influenced by financial literacy. But there was little evidence to support the idea that risk tolerance directly influences investment choices. The results emphasize how important financial literacy is in enabling people to make well-informed investing decisions while also taking their tolerance for risk levels into account. This study adds to our knowledge of how people behave financially in developing economies and offers insights that financial educators and policymakers may use to improve financial literacy initiatives.

Prevalence and Impact of Social Media Networking Sites Usage for Study

Maryam Jan — 2024-10-26

Students have the chance to enhance learning processes via the use of social media networking sites (SMNSU) which advance knowledge in society. Students may search, produce, share, collaborate, and organize material among themselves on social media platforms. Students are better equipped to develop their knowledge of content while using social media for learning. The frequency of social media networking sites for study among male and female students of natural sciences and social sciences was examined using convenient sampling on a sample size of 400 students. This quantitative study aimed to ascertain how social media networking sites affected students' academic performance. In this study universe of the researchers is Karachi. Connectivism is used as a theoretical base. The data was gathered via a questionnaire. Karl Pearson Correlation and the T-test were used to evaluate the data. It was discovered that there was a strong association between social media networking sites (SMNSU) and students' academic achievement. The level of the use of social media for study in female students is higher than that in male students. The use of social media for study among social sciences students is higher than that of natural sciences students.