Multidimensional Water Management Challenges in Pakistan: A Meta-Analysis Approach

Abstract

Pakistan is struggling to manage its water resources, due to policy gaps, climate change, political and diplomatic failures, unchecked population increase, and declining water quality. It could trigger water riots and finally lead to social catastrophe. There are continuing issues with water allocation among the provinces despite the 1991 Award. The disagreement between the provinces is having an impact on the construction of the Kalabagh dam. On a global scale, Indian violations of the Indus Basin Water Treaty have significantly decreased Pakistan's water flow. Pakistan and Afghanistan need to work together to solve water conflicts. Research has been conducted on secondary based data like articles, journals, reports, books, official and unofficial documents, and academic studies by using the Meta-analysis approach. The current study aims to outline the different dimensions of water management challenges in Pakistan. Findings show that all options are linked with water resources development and improvement in management.